Graphene dynamics
Views£º £¬ Time£º2016/10/22 10:02:15
Graphene dynamics
Open 2D data New International
For a long time, we do not understand the two-dimensional structure of the crystal. Two dimensional crystal exists as a plane, as if the three-dimensional crystal is reduced to an atomic layer thickness. In the traditional theory, it is impossible to find a quasi two dimensional crystal structure because of its thermodynamic instability in nature. Until 2004, Andre Haim and his partner Konstantin Novoselov first successfully from the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite on isolated graphene, graphene, a two-dimensional data can prove existence of stable under normal temperature and pressure with the facts.
To be able to say that the discovery of graphene has opened the international door of two-dimensional information. Haim pointed out: "the two-dimensional data graphene is not unique, there are many two-dimensional materials with special functions, may in some very good use of. In addition to graphene, there are many similar information is worth exploring graphene."
Phosphorus, for example, is a single piece of information that is formed from the ordered phosphorus atoms that are stripped from the black phosphorus. Some of its properties can be used in a number of categories. And the nonlinear optical properties of black phosphorus have been demonstrated by a number of organizations that can be used to produce ultra fast lasers. In the near future, it will become the second graphene".
Silylenes is one kind of single atom thick, together on the silver surface growth data, data has some characteristics and graphene like, but there are some more with excellent features, including lower symmetry group, stronger spin orbit coupling. Researchers are exploring, it may be more suitable for integration with silicon based electronic devices, become graphene's competitors.
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Atomic layer to do Lego stitching
For graphene, the researchers can do a variety of splicing in the atomic layer, it seems that children play with high building blocks. If the graphene is stacked on a layer of stacking method to generate three-dimensional graphite; the graphene bent into a cylindrical shape, become one dimensional carbon nanotubes; the graphene is made into a spherical or ellipsoid, the zero dimensional fullerene. Thus, graphene can be used as a structural basis for other carbon materials.
Heim said: "the graphene and other man-made data integration, spend a few weeks time will design a random deployment of atomic structure, graphene will make more" magic ", and on the basis of these substances are not the same as the characteristics of open research. Such research results can be referred to as graphene 3."
For example, the use of graphene as a substrate for the preparation of nano composite materials to broaden the use of graphene. Now the composite measures on graphene mainly has three kinds: one is surface modification or doping, which can form stable and lax system in different solvents; the two is to make the metal or metal oxide and other inorganic nano particles, this kind of composite materials in catalysis, bio sensor, battery and super capacitor which aspects will be widely used; the graphite and polymer composite which exhibits more excellent function in mechanical function, photovoltaic battery, super capacitor etc..
Of course, now the study of graphene composite materials also face many problems and challenges, such as graphene and inorganic nano particles, and the interaction mechanism of polymer compatibility, composite materials use broaden and deepen, still need to be further study.
The amazing discovery of the lost thing
In the preparation of graphene, we usually focus on graphene, and the team won't let off on the helm of graphene is usually discarded materials.
Heim said: "the expansion of graphite crystals remaining is a two-dimensional vacuum area, inside there are many like ultra fine capillary structure shape, about 15 nm. When we do the water delivery test was surprised to find that the water flow through the ultra narrow capillary, almost no barriers and no conflict, arrived at the velocity of 1 m / s, and the tube wall is very smooth, the long distance water slip."
Anaheim team explained that this is a new nanometer standard system, the capillary pipe precision can not imagine. More important is that these micro capillary can be prepared a variety of data, not only can control the capillary scale, but also can adjust the function of the capillary wall. This information is expected to be used in the future of new filtration, desalination and gas separation skills and other areas.
Heim added: "in the basic research of graphene many scientific findings surprising, is very cool and let the newly discovered information becomes available, which will have the possibility of numerous research and development to be explored. Such a study deeply affects us."
No doubt, the discovery of graphene for researchers to provide a full of charm and imagination of space research objectives, and follow the graphene father to learn how to do basic research, can be described as constantly refresh the innovation horizon. Trust in the near future, "graphene generalist" will bring disruptive innovation in many areas.
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